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Fitness May Preserve Mental Capabilities

Regular exercise benefits the heart, muscles, bones and even the brain. New evidence from the University of California suggested that being aerobically fit-having a healthy heart and lungs - could reduce the mental decline that could occur in older adults. The findings were published in a recent issue of the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

About 350 healthy adults, ages 59 to 88 and free of dementia or mental impairment, participated in the study. When the study started, mental functioning scores did not vary depending on fitness level. However, when the tests were repeated
6 years later, those who were less fit did not perform as well as they did initially. Meanwhile, the test scores of the more fit volunteers remained as high as they were at the study’s start. The volunteers who were in good physical shape were better off in other ways too - they had more education, income and better self-rated health - which may also explain their higher scores. The scientists took these factors into account and concluded that fitness level, in part, was responsible for preserving mental capabilities.

There are several means by which aerobic fitness could affect brain function. Physical activity may lower the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure and diabetes - all the medical conditions that could affect mental status, especially in older adults. Exercise may also increase blood flow to the brain or
stimulate nerve growth. Or, exercise may simply improve overall health, and better health may mean better cognitive function.

Source: A longitudinal study of cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function in healthy older adults. DE. Barnes, K. Yaffe, WA. Satariano, et al., Jamer Geriatr Soc., 2003, vol. 51, pp. 459 - 465
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